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上图中的字
是一个人弓着身体
在器皿里搅拌着什么
你知道这是哪个字吗?
没错儿,是陶器的“陶”字
“陶”字的构造什么来头?
中国的制陶历史有多悠久?
往下看,一起长知识
↓↓↓
“陶”字的构造什么来头?
陶器是人类按照自己的意志
创造的生产生活用具
这是人类文明的重大进步
“陶”字中的人搅拌的
是和了水的黏土
上古的先民发现了黏土的妙用
用水搅拌黏土后
可以捏出任意形状
从金文到楷书
“陶”字经历了复杂的演变过程
↓↓↓
<< 滑动查看下一张图片 >>
中国制陶历史有多悠久?
考古发现
中国人和泥烧造的历史
至少有15000年
“陶器之国”可不是说说而已
通过出土的文物可以确知
在7000年前
古人已掌握了高超的制陶技术
仰韶文化的人面鱼纹彩陶盆
器型端正,精美玄妙
马家窑文化的彩陶腹耳罐
舍弃实物构图
追求抽象化的花纹
艺术表达不输现代人
上古时期
有了可以储水的陶器
人类终于可以居住在
距离河流或低洼处稍微远一点的地方了
这也促成了村落的出现
根据新石器时代半坡遗址的情况来看
陶窑经常在村子外围
可能是出于防火、防烟的考虑
古人的制陶工艺蕴含哪些智慧?
中国制陶技术发展到今天
已经蔚为大观
但现代人想要还原古人的工艺
还是要下很大功夫
常见于新石器时代的横穴窑
特点是圆形窑室前面
有较深的穹形筒状火膛
燃烧时,火焰由火膛进入窑室
简单的窑室对烧制过程中的
温度有了较好的控制
提高了燃烧利用率
陶器的产量和质量也有了飞跃
戳视频,看横穴窑制作过程
↓↓↓
,时长00:39
中国的烧陶匠人
对于火候的控制达到了痴迷的程度
不但精于技术
甚至将其上升为信仰
自古以来
烧陶匠人敬畏大自然的造化
在点火之前
都会祈求成品率的提高
哪怕到了现在
电气化控制之下
也没有人可以做到百分之百成品
烧了一窑的陶器
总有一些“败笔”
认真的匠人会当场摔碎
不让它们流入市场
于是就有了“淘汰”这个词
所以,完美的陶器
都是火焰之中走出的
“成功者”与“幸运儿”
从“陶”字看制陶工艺
古人的智慧令人赞叹
表里山河换
本文来源央视一套《“字”从遇见你》
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