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近日,市民黄先生通过华商报小程序爆料称,西安钟楼二层北面悬挂楹联一处为“彩凤”,一处为“采凤”,是不是写错了?
是不是哪一处写错了?
市民黄先生是摄影爱好者,7月4日登钟楼摄影,无意中发现二层北廊楹柱悬挂的对联“钟号景云鸣采凤楼雄川口锁金鳌”。他认为这幅楹联对仗工整、蕴含丰富,巧用了典故和神话等。
“这幅用隶书书写的楹联自然古朴、高雅生动,是内容与书写的完美结合。”黄先生说,“但让我心生疑惑的是:楹联下方铭牌上的内容为‘钟号景云鸣彩凤楼雄川口锁金鳌’。同一幅楹联,用两个不同的‘采(彩)’字。是否有误?”黄先生说,“‘身无彩凤双飞翼’和‘彩凤鸣岐’这些耳熟能详的诗句和国宝都是‘彩’字,所以我认为‘采’可能用错了。作为西安地标建筑的钟楼楹联出现错别字,应尽快更正。”
钟楼景区:若确实有误
将第一时间更改
7月11日,华商报记者在钟楼二层北面看到了黄先生口中的楹联,对联右侧写着“张过撰”,左侧写着“宫葆诚书”,两人分别为楹联内容的撰写者和书写者。
随后,记者将黄先生的意见反馈给钟楼景区的工作人员。一名工作人员回复说:“这幅楹联已在钟楼悬挂超过20年,两位作者均已过世,会把市民意见与相关专家讨论,若确实有误,将第一时间更改。”
专家:不算错字
“采”和“彩”旧时可通用
11日下午,华商报记者电话采访了陕西师范大学文学院教授、博士生导师赵学清,他认为对联中的“采”不算错字。
“首先,‘彩”是从‘采’分化而来的,分化后各有专门用法。但《现代汉语词典》(第五版,第125页)‘采’字下第三个用法明确说明:同‘彩’,也就是说‘采’可以当‘彩’用,像‘文采’中的‘采’指的就是华丽的色彩,其实都用的是‘彩’的意思。”赵学清认为,“其次,这幅楹联是艺术作品,对文字的要求不是按照规范字来的,楹联中的‘金’也用的异体字。就像碑刻上有各种各样的别字,所谓‘碑别字’。”
此外,赵教授还向大家考古了“采”、“彩”两字的流变。“在甲骨文中‘采’的上面是人手,下面是木头,也就是摘取、采集果实等意。如《诗经》中就有‘参差荇菜,左右采之’的用法。之后‘采’的对象越来越广泛,比如,采矿、采集古诗等,在古籍中‘采’字还加了‘扌’,这一用法直到民国汉字简化,才逐渐减少。同样,在‘彡’(shan)字旁‘彩’字没出现前,所有的典籍中彩色的‘彩’都写作‘采’,宋代徐铉重新整理《说文解字》增加的新附字中有‘彩’,说明在唐宋时期‘彩’字的使用已十分广泛。而‘彩’字在使用中也不断增加了新含义,比如中彩、彩票,以及夸奖称赞的‘喝彩’、‘满堂彩’,还有受伤后的‘挂彩’等。”
华商报记者 付启梦邓小卫
来源: 华商报
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