墟是什么意思?圩是什么意思!


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墟是什么意思?圩是什么意思!

流沙河讲唐诗中,讲到王维的渭川田家,第一句:斜阳墟落,解“墟落”为村落,觉得有些不对劲。

墟是什么意思?圩是什么意思!

查网上对此诗解释也大多如此。于是有此一辨。

将“墟落”解释为村落,字面上当然解得通,但首先,“斜阳照着村落”,意象成了静止的画面,感觉上是被解死了;其次,结合下文,对仗也显得不工,下文格式:“穷巷/牛-羊/归”,古风虽然不讲格律,但如果本身用了对偶的手法,就不太可能连句式都对不上。

古人写诗做文惜字如金,特别是五言诗,更是如此,一个“墟”字就能表达村落的意思了,就不会用“墟落”两个字来表达。

所墟落要拆开来解,墟是村落,落是落下,这样解的意象就是:斜阳照着村庄慢慢落下,牛羊缓缓归于小巷深处。一幅生动的乡村晚归图。

还可以做个简的类比:白日依山尽,黄河入海流,就不能解为白日依靠在山的尽头,黄河进入了海流之中。流沙河先生及网上诸解与此相同。#古诗辨误#

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