崔性起渊!


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第一个渊源

源于姬姓,出自西周时期官吏催马,属于以官职称谓为氏。催马,亦称趣马,是西周初期设置的官位,隶属于夏官管辖。催马,其职位在校人之下,为中士,职掌王室马匹的饲养,为马政之官。“校人”是西周王室养马之官的统领,亦称“校正”。在典籍《周礼·夏官》中记载:“趣马掌赞正良马,而齐其饮食,简其六节,辨四时之居治,以听驭夫。”在典籍《诗·大雅·云汉》中也记载:“趣马师氏,膳夫左右。”在典籍《说文解字》中明确指出:西周早期,并无“催”字,只有“趣”字,后造催字,互为代用。“趣”字就是“催”字,“趣马”亦是“催马”。

在催马的后裔子孙中,有以先祖官职称谓为姓氏者,先称趣氏,后有改称催氏者,读音作qù(ㄑㄩˋ)。该支崔氏与趣氏同宗同源。

第二个渊源

源于姜姓,出自齐国君主丁公伋嫡长子姜季子的后裔崔氏,属于避难改姓为氏。据史籍《唐书·宰相世系表》、《元和姓纂》等记载:崔氏是炎帝神农氏的后裔。西周时期,齐国是西周初周武王分封的重要诸侯国之一,建都于临淄(今山东淄博),开国君主是吕尚。吕尚本来姓姜,因为他的先祖被封于吕(今河南南阳),从其封姓,故称为吕尚。吕尚的儿子丁公佶,是齐国的第二代国君,他的嫡子叫季子,本来应该继承君位,但却让位给弟弟叔乙(乙公得),而自己则住到食采地崔邑(今山东章丘),后来以邑为氏,就是崔氏。崔氏已有将近三千年的历史,长期都是山东望族和中国的著姓。

周惠王姬阆六年(陈宣公二十一年,公元前671年),陈宣公妫杵臼杀了自己的太子妫御寇。由于妫御寇与公子妫完关系非常好,恐祸及己,于周桓王姬林二十年(公元前700年)逃到了齐国。当时的春秋霸主齐桓公姜小白收留了妫完,并赐给他田地邑城,还想任命他为正卿,但他只接受了“工正”一职,陈氏由此立足于齐国。妫完感谢齐桓公之德,遂指齐桓公所赐之田改姓为田氏,称田敬仲完。田敬仲完的后代田氏家族在齐国逐渐发展,至其五代孙田乞时,为齐景公姜杵臼的大夫,其后田氏一族在齐国世代为相,并逐步垄断了齐国政权,齐国君主犹如傀儡。在田无宇、田常等人身为姜齐之臣时,为了争取齐国民心,在春秋末期就曾不惜经济代价施惠于民,被称为“厚施买国”,最后使齐国人心归附于田氏家族。到周安王姬骄十一年(公元前391年),田敬仲完的第十代孙国相田和,他将齐国君主齐康公姜贷放逐到海边,只留一城之地作为其食邑,田和成为了齐国实际上的国君。到周安王十六年(公元前386年),周王室册命田和为齐侯,正式将他列为诸侯。过了几年,齐康公病逝,姜姓遂绝其祀。这就是历史上著名的“田代齐姜”。

田代齐姜后,许多姜姓裔族纷纷外迁、改姓,以避其祸,其中就有崔氏族人将姓氏加“亻”改为“催”,称催氏,读音仍作cuī(ㄘㄨㄟ)。该支催氏于崔氏同宗同源,皆尊奉姜季子为得姓始祖。

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