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是中国十大姓之一,按人口居第五位。陈姓的来源也比较复杂。一是以部落名为姓。上古时有个陈丰氏部落,大约五千年前陈氏部落随黄帝族东迁到今河南一带,这个部落的人就以陈为姓。一是以国名为姓。周武王灭商后把妫满(舜的后代)封于陈,建陈国。陈国在战国时被楚国灭掉,失国后的陈侯子孙就以陈为姓。南朝时陈姓建立的陈朝灭亡后,陈后主的弟弟陈叔明的后人避乱迁居江州,陈姓得到繁衍发展。姓陈另外还有两支:一支是北魏时莫陈氏改姓陈,另一支是古代安南(今越南)国王姓陈。
姓氏起源
一、出自妫姓,是舜帝的后裔
据《通志·氏族略》记载:周武王灭商朝纣王、建立周朝以后,找到舜的后人“陈胡公妫满”,封他在陈(今河南淮阳)这个地方,建立了“陈国”。胡公满传至十世孙妫完,陈国内乱,陈厉公的儿子妫完怕株连自己,出逃到齐国,以故国为氏,称陈氏。
二、出自于陈国公族后裔
陈国在妫满死后,其子孙有以国为氏,即陈氏。陈胡公满的子孙,除陈完这一支主系外,还有三支(一)陈哀公之子妫留,避居陈留(今河南开封陈留镇)。(二)陈愍公之长子陈衍。避居阳武户牖(今河南兰考东北)。(三)陈愍公次子陈全温之后的陈引奇,居于固始(今河南固始),后因无子,便以颍川陈寔为嗣子,遂融入颍川陈氏。
三、刘氏改姓
《通志?氏族略》记载:广陵(今江苏江都东北)陈氏,实为刘氏,春秋时,因鲁相无子,以外孙刘矫为嗣。
四、白氏改姓
《河南官氏志》记载:陇右白永贵,于隋初改为陈氏,此为万年(今陕西西安)之陈氏。白姓原为龟兹王帛氏,因入仕内地,怕胡人之姓遭受歧视,而改为陈氏,史称陈永贵。他有孙叫令英,史称陈令英。
五、侯莫陈氏改姓
据《魏书?官氏志》记载:北魏时期鲜卑贵族侯莫陈氏随北魏孝文帝迁都洛阳后,孝文帝实行汉化改革,易胡姓为汉姓,于496年把侯莫陈氏改为单姓陈氏。
六、其他少数民族改姓或赐姓而来
女真族陈氏:据陈述《汉姓女真姓的对照和说明》可知女真皇族完颜氏中,有的在金末已改为陈氏。
蒙古族陈氏:据《续通志?氏族略四》载,陈氏,明太祖朱元璋赐给降明的蒙古贵族的姓。如恰恰赐名陈守忠,哈哈赐名陈元等。
满族陈氏:有两种情况。一是后金努尔哈赤统治时,居住在东北的汉族陈氏,被强迫改为满族陈氏;二是本系满族姓氏,改为陈氏,仍属满族。
主要历史名人有:秦末农民起义领袖陈胜,南北朝建立陈朝的陈霸先,汉初开国功臣陈平,唐代诗人陈子昂,宋代文学家陈亮,明代诗人陈子龙。
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